What psychosocial stage is associated with the challenge of developing a sense of autonomy?

The psychosocial stage associated with the challenge of developing a sense of autonomy is indeed Early Childhood. During this period, typically ranging from ages two to six, children experience significant growth in their ability to assert their independence and make choices. This stage, as theorized by Erik Erikson, is referred to as the "Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt" stage.

At this age, children begin to explore their environment, learn self-control, and develop a sense of personal agency. For instance, they may want to choose their own clothes, select their favorite food, or decide what play activities to engage in. Successfully navigating this stage leads to a sense of autonomy, confidence, and self-esteem, whereas failure can result in feelings of shame and doubt about their abilities.

The other stages mentioned do not focus primarily on the development of autonomy. Infancy is centered around trust versus mistrust, adolescence revolves around identity versus role confusion, and late adulthood deals with integrity versus despair. Each stage presents its own challenges that are distinct from the autonomy issues faced in early childhood.