What theory of aging focuses on the impact of cumulative damage to cells over time?

The theory that focuses on the impact of cumulative damage to cells over time is the cell damage and mutation theory. This theory posits that as organisms age, the accumulation of cellular damage—stemming from various sources such as environmental factors, radiation, and normal metabolic processes—leads to mutations and dysfunction in cells. Over time, this accumulation of damaged and mutated cells correlates with the aging process, contributing to the decline in physiological function and increased susceptibility to diseases.

This understanding illustrates how cellular integrity is crucial for maintaining health and longevity. It highlights the significance of molecular and genetic factors in the aging process, emphasizing that the age-related decline can be partially attributed to the cellular damage that accumulates over an individual's life. The impact of this theory is evident in research regarding aging and its relationship to cancer, degenerative diseases, and overall health outcomes in older adults.